{"id":1298,"date":"2024-10-08T19:46:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T10:46:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp\/pgd-2\/"},"modified":"2024-10-09T12:59:12","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T03:59:12","slug":"pgd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/en\/pgd\/","title":{"rendered":"PGD (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"section-dept__container\">\n<div class=\"section-dept__first_content\">\n<section class=\"section-dept__content01\">\n<h1 class=\"section-dept__content01_title\">\n     About Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis\n    <\/h1>\n<div class=\"section-dept__content01_text\">\n<div class=\"section-dept__content02_text\">\n<p>\n       \"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)\" is a technique that examines the chromosomes of fertilized oocytes that have undergone microinsemination (ICSI) to check for abnormalities.\n       <br\/>\n       Prenatal diagnosis attempts to discover the presence or absence of abnormalities in a baby before birth, such as by amniocentesis or ultrasonography.\n       <br\/>\n       Because the test is done after pregnancy is established, if you find any abnormalities, you will be forced to make a difficult choice between giving birth and not giving birth.\n       <br\/>\n       Preimplantation genetic diagnosis, on the other hand, can tell if a fertilized oocyte has a chromosomal abnormality, so when returning the fertilized oocyte to the uterus (embryo transfer), it is possible to select a fertilized oocyte that is unlikely to have a miscarriage or stillbirth.\n       <br\/>\n       Currently, in Japan, preimplantation genetic diagnosis for people with severe hereditary diseases is permitted under the guidelines of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.\n      <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"section-dept__content02_title\">\n      Common Targets for PGD\n     <\/h2>\n<div class=\"section-dept__content02_text\">\n<ul class=\"list_type2 mb30\">\n<li>\n        Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): X-linked-deletion type \/ micromutant type\n       <\/li>\n<li>\n        Myotonic dystrophy: autosomal dominant-abnormal repetitive sequence elongation\n       <\/li>\n<li>\n        Leigh encephalopathy: mitochondrial disease-point mutation in mitochondrial DNA\n       <\/li>\n<li>\n        Adrenoleukodystrophy: X-linked-point mutant\n       <\/li>\n<li>\n        Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency: X-linked-point mutant\n       <\/li>\n<li>\n        Recurrent miscarriage of balanced translocation carriers\n       <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n       There is also a screening test called \"preimplantation genetic screening (PGS)\" that uses the same technique as preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).\n       <br\/>\n       Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is aimed at examining specific chromosomal or genetic abnormalities in fertilized oocytes in couples with known severe hereditary diseases, whereas PGS takes a broader, more general look at chromosomal makeup to reduce the chance of miscarriage by selecting an embryo with normal chromosome numbers.\n       <br\/>\n       PGS is developed to reduce the physical and mental burden on women by examining fertilized oocytes for abnormalities before pregnancy is established.\n      <\/p>\n<p>\n       Overseas, pre-implantation screening is carried out in many countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, France, Scandinavia, Russia, Turkey, Argentina, China, South Korea, India and Thailand. In Japan, pre-implantation screening is not permitted according to the guidelines of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.\n       <br\/>\n       However, in February 2015, the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology approved a three-year clinical research plan, and it is possible that pre-implantation screening will be conducted in the field of infertility treatment in the future.\n      <\/p>\n<p>\n       If a fertilized oocyte has a chromosomal abnormality, it usually cannot implant, or if it does implant, it may cause miscarriage or stillbirth.\n       <br\/>\n       When miscarriages are analyzed, many abnormalities are seen that could be diagnosed by PGS. American research institute report that pre-implantation screening improves the implantation rate and reduces the rate of miscarriage substantially, especially in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss.\n      <\/p>\n<p>\n       Repeated miscarriages increase the chances of damaging the uterus and causing uterine adhesions.\n       <br\/>\n       Uterine adhesions can lead to problems during pregnancy and childbirth, such as impeding implantation, increasing the likelihood of miscarriage, or placenta accreta bleeding.\n       <br\/>\n       Preimplantation genetic diagnosis and preimplantation screening can prevent miscarriage, prevent uterine adhesions, and reduce problems during pregnancy and childbirth.\n      <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"section-dept__content03_title mt30\">\n      Chromosomal Abnormalities Seen in Miscarriage\n     <\/h3>\n<div class=\"section-dept__content02_text\">\n<div class=\"align_center\">\n<p class=\"mr100\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Chromosome abnormalities seen in miscarriage\" height=\"235\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp\/wp-content\/themes\/oak-clinic\/en\/assets\/images\/pgd\/t_graph.gif\" width=\"310\"\/>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n        Maribel Grande: Created at the Orc Society based on Human Reproduction Vol.0 no.0 pp.1-9,2012\n       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"section-dept__content03_title mt30\">\n      FISH Method Detection of Trisomy\n     <\/h3>\n<div class=\"section-dept__content02_text\">\n<div class=\"align_center\">\n<p class=\"mb20\">\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Trisomy detection image by FISH method\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp\/wp-content\/themes\/oak-clinic\/assets\/images\/pgd\/t_fish.jpg\" width=\"180\"\/>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n        Anver Kulviev, Svetlana Rechitsky and Oleg Verlinsky : ATLAS OF PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS THIRD EDITION :\n        <br\/>\n        CRC Press\n       <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"section-dept__content02_text\">\n<p class=\"text_frame align_center mb50\">\n       This page provides general information on preimplantation genetic diagnosis only.\n      <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"About Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis \"Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)\" is a technique that examines the chromosomes of fertilized oocytes that have undergone microinsemination (ICSI) to check for abnormalities. Prenatal diagnosis attempts to discover the presence or absence of abnormalities in a baby before birth, such as by amniocentesis or ultrasonography. Because the test is done after [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":405,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_locale":"en_US","_original_post":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp\/?page_id=102","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1298","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","en-US"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1298"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2161,"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1298\/revisions\/2161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oakclinic-group.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}